ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic is the most challenging global health crisis of our times. Vaccination against COVID-19 plays a key role to control the current pandemic situation. The risk of allergic reactions to new COVID-19 vaccines is low. However, there is a debate on the safety in allergic patients following post marketing findings by different agencies. Our aim is to understand from current experiences whether children with cow's milk or food allergy are at higher risk than a general population for allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines. Current data indicate that patients with a history of allergy to cow's milk or other foods, even if severe, should receive COVID-19 vaccine in a setting with availability of treatments for anaphylactic reactions and under medical supervision. Recipients should be discharged after a protracted observation period of 30 min if no reaction developed.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects , COVID-19/prevention & control , Food Hypersensitivity/immunology , Milk Hypersensitivity/immunology , Adolescent , Allergens/immunology , Anaphylaxis/etiology , Animals , COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology , COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use , Child , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Male , Milk/adverse effects , Polyethylene Glycols/adverse effects , Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use , SARS-CoV-2 , Vaccination/adverse effectsSubject(s)
Allergy and Immunology , Angioedemas, Hereditary , Biomedical Research , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Angioedemas, Hereditary/complications , Angioedemas, Hereditary/diagnosis , Angioedemas, Hereditary/immunology , Angioedemas, Hereditary/therapy , Anti-Allergic Agents/administration & dosage , Decision Making, Shared , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Food Hypersensitivity/immunology , Food Hypersensitivity/therapy , Humans , Patient Participation , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has challenged healthcare system capacities and safety for health care workers, reshaping doctor-patient interaction favoring e-Health or telemedicine. The pandemic situation may make difficult to prioritize patients with allergies diseases (AD), face-to-face evaluation, and moreover concern about the possible COVID-19 diagnosis, since COVID-19 shared many symptoms in common with AD. Being COVID-19 a novel disease, everyone is susceptible; there are some advances on vaccine and specific treatment. We evaluate existing literature on allergic diseases (AD): allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergy, drug allergy, and skin allergy, and potential underlying mechanisms for any interrelationship between AD and COVID-19. RECENT FINDINGS: There is inconclusive and controversial evidence of the association between AD and the risk of adverse clinical outcomes of COVID-19. AD patients should minimize hospital and face-to-face visits, and those who have used biologics and allergen immunotherapy should continue the treatment. It is essential to wear personal protective equipment for the protection of health care workers. Social distancing, rational use of facemasks, eye protection, and hand disinfection for health care workers and patients deserve further attention and promotion. Teleconsultation during COVID-19 times for AD patients is very encouraging and telemedicine platform can provide a reliable service in patient care.
Subject(s)
Asthma/therapy , COVID-19/prevention & control , Food Hypersensitivity/therapy , Infection Control/methods , Rhinitis, Allergic/therapy , Telemedicine , Asthma/immunology , Biological Products , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/immunology , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/therapy , Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology , Dermatitis, Atopic/therapy , Desensitization, Immunologic , Disease Management , Disease Outbreaks , Drug Hypersensitivity/immunology , Drug Hypersensitivity/therapy , Food Hypersensitivity/immunology , Health Personnel , Humans , Pandemics/prevention & control , Personal Protective Equipment , Physical Distancing , Rhinitis, Allergic/immunology , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Food allergy immunotherapy is a promising allergen-specific approach to manage food allergy in children, although it is not exempt from adverse events, even severe. The adverse events are not predictable and furthermore cofactors can play a role in triggering them. During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients on food allergy immunotherapy should be provided with suggestions on how to proceed in the event of COVID-19 infection occurring or is suspected. These recommendations would be of support to clinical practitioners dealing with patients on food allergy immunotherapy since there is little data in the literature on the topic.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Food Hypersensitivity/complications , Food Hypersensitivity/therapy , Immunotherapy/adverse effects , COVID-19/complications , Child , Clinical Protocols , Food Hypersensitivity/immunology , Humans , Medical Staff/educationSubject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology , COVID-19/immunology , COVID-19/prevention & control , Food Hypersensitivity/immunology , Polysaccharides/immunology , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/virology , Humans , Microbiota/immunology , Pandemics , Probiotics/pharmacology , Probiotics/therapeutic use , Reinfection/immunology , Reinfection/virology , Tick Bites/immunologySubject(s)
Allergens/genetics , Blockchain , Food Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , Food Labeling , Food Safety/methods , Genetic Engineering , Abattoirs , Allergens/immunology , Animals , Arachis/genetics , Arachis/immunology , Cattle , Female , Food Hypersensitivity/immunology , Food Hypersensitivity/mortality , Food Labeling/methods , Food Labeling/standards , Food Supply , Humans , Pilot Projects , Public Health , RNA Interference , Risk Assessment , Swine , United KingdomABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Food allergy has a known effect on quality of life (QoL), but this has not been extensively studied during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the levels of anxiety of mothers of children aged 0 to 8 years with food allergy compared with families of children without a food allergy and the health-related QoL among children with food allergy during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS: In a mixed-methods study, Canadian mothers of children aged 0 to 8 years with (cases) and without (controls) food allergy provided demographic data and completed age-appropriate anxiety questionnaires between April 14, 2020, and April 28, 2020. The cases also provided food allergy-related data and completed the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire. In-depth interviews were subsequently conducted with purposefully selected cases. RESULTS: In a total of 580 participants, 5.5% were cases and 94.5% were controls. For mothers of children aged 0 to 1.5 years, anxiety levels did not differ between cases and controls. For mothers of children aged 1.5 to 8 years, anxiety levels were higher in cases vs controls (P < .05). Among the cases, neither overall nor domain-specific Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire scores differed between age groups (0-3 vs 4-7 years), even after adjustment for confounding variables, including childcare during the pandemic. Qualitatively, the following 3 themes were identified: unexpected challenges of food shopping; less food-related food anxiety during the pandemic; and differences and delays in food allergy testing and therapy. CONCLUSION: Mothers of children with food allergy reported high anxiety and poor health-related QoL. Yet, qualitatively, day-to-day food allergy management was better during the pandemic.